![]() All of these retroviruses belong to the lentivirus subfamily, have an RNA genome and replicate via a DNA intermediate (a ‘provirus’) by means of a viral RNA-directed DNA polymerase, more commonly called reverse transcriptase (RT). Between 19, several non-human primates were shown to harbour related retroviruses. Initially the virus was referred to as lymphadenopathy-associated virus (LAV) or human T-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) the name human immunodeficiency virus was established in 1986. ![]() Later, a second virus was discovered in West Africa (HIV-2) that was sufficiently different from HIV-1 in its serological and molecular characteristics to be considered a separate, but related, virus ( Clavel et al., 1986). ![]() The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) was discovered in 1983 ( Barré-Sinoussi et al., 1983) and firmly associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in 1984 ( Gallo et al., 1984). ![]()
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